San Francisco Frontiers - Australia, EU agree to sweeping new trade pact after eight years

Von der Leyen's visit to Australia with trade commissioner Maros Sefcovic in tow comes as the 27-nation bloc and the import-reliant nation navigate renewed energy vulnerability sparked by the war in the Middle East.

The accord is the latest agreed by Brussels in a push to diversify trade as Europe faces challenges from the United States and China.

The two sides also inked an agreement to step up defence cooperation as well as critical raw materials.

Addressing the Australian parliament on Tuesday, von der Leyen described a world that was "brutal, harsh and unforgiving".

In that context, she said the EU and Australia were bound by common values and must work together to mitigate over-reliance on countries like China for critical minerals.

"We cannot be over dependent on any supplier for such crucial ingredients, and that is precisely why we need each other," she said.

"Our security is your security, and with our new security and defence partnership, we have each other's back."

She told lawmakers Tuesday's agreement on trade was a "fair deal, and one that delivers for your businesses and one that delivers for our businesses".

Key sticking points on Australian use of European geographical names and access for Australian beef to Europe were overcome to reach the deal, inked after eight years of negotiations.

A compromise will see Australian winemakers allowed to use the term "prosecco" domestically, but stop using it for exports after 10 years.

Australia will be allowed to keep using some geographical names, such as feta and gruyere, in cases where producers have used the name for at least five years.

European car makers will benefit from Australia raising the threshold for a luxury car tax on electric vehicles -- three-quarters of EVs will now become exempt.

Under the trade deal, the EU said it expected exports to Australia to grow by a third over a decade.

The quota of Australian beef allowed into the EU will increase more than 10 times the current level over the next decade, although that falls short of the level Australian farmers had been seeking.

EU firms exported 37 billion euros ($42.9 billion) of goods to Australia last year, and 31 billion euros of services in 2024.

- Global uncertainty -

Australia's largest export market is China and the United States is its largest source of investment.

But Canberra has redoubled efforts to diversify export markets for farmers since a 2020 dispute with Beijing saw agriculture exports blocked for several years, and last year's global imposition of US trade tariffs.

Likewise, the European Union is on a drive to strike new partnerships in the face of US levies and Chinese export controls.

Von der Leyen's visit was overshadowed by the war in the Middle East, which has sent oil prices soaring.

In Canberra, International Energy Agency chief Fatih Birol warned Monday the world faced an energy crisis not seen in decades if the conflict was not resolved.

And von der Leyen this month said the conflict had served as a "stark reminder" of Europe's vulnerabilities.

On Tuesday, she called for an immediate end to hostilities in the Middle East in the face of a "critical" situation for energy supply chains globally.

Australia -- which is heavily reliant on fuel from abroad -- has also felt the pressure from the global energy squeeze.

C.Williams--SFF